Zoology Practical Question Paper 2019 : PDF Download

Zoology is a branch of biology that focuses on the study of animals, their behavior, structure, physiology, classification, and distribution. You may download

zoology practical question paper 2019 in pdf format from this page.

Exam Pattern Information for Zoology Practical Question Paper 2019

The Zoology practical exam typically consists of multiple sections, including:

1. Identification and Classification: Identifying specimens and classifying them.
2. Dissection and Anatomical Study: Dissecting specimens to study their internal structures.
3. Microscopy: Observing slides under a microscope and identifying different cells and tissues.
4. Ecological Studies: Analyzing ecological data and understanding animal interactions within ecosystems.
5. Behavioral Studies: Observing and analyzing animal behavior.
6. Biochemical Experiments: Conducting experiments to understand biochemical processes in animals.

1. Identification and Classification

Zoology Practical Question Paper 2019  with Questions and Answers :

1. Question: Identify the given specimen and classify it.
   Answer: This specimen is a housefly (Musca domestica). It belongs to the Phylum Arthropoda, Class Insecta, Order Diptera.
2. Question: Identify the given fish specimen and provide its classification.
   Answer: This specimen is a catfish (Siluriformes). It belongs to the Phylum Chordata, Class Actinopterygii, Order Siluriformes.
3. Question: Identify the given bird specimen and classify it.
   Answer: This specimen is a sparrow (Passer domesticus). It belongs to the Phylum Chordata, Class Aves, Order Passeriformes.
4. Question: Classify the given amphibian specimen.
   Answer: This specimen is a frog (Anura). It belongs to the Phylum Chordata, Class Amphibia, Order Anura.
5. Question: Identify and classify the given reptile specimen.
   Answer: This specimen is a garden lizard (Calotes versicolor). It belongs to the Phylum Chordata, Class Reptilia, Order Squamata.

Classification of Specimens

Specimen	Common Name	Phylum	Class	Order
Musca domestica	Housefly	Arthropoda	Insecta	Diptera
Siluriformes	Catfish	Chordata	Actinopterygii	Siluriformes
Passer domesticus	Sparrow	Chordata	Aves	Passeriformes
Anura	Frog	Chordata	Amphibia	Anura
Calotes versicolor	Garden Lizard	Chordata	Reptilia	Squamata

6. Microscopy

Questions and Answers:

1. Question: Identify the cell type seen under the microscope.
   Answer: This is a muscle cell. Muscle cells are elongated and can contract to bring about movement.
2. Question: Identify the tissue shown in the microscope slide.
   Answer: This is epithelial tissue. It forms the lining of organs and structures in the body.
3. Question: What type of blood cell is this?
   Answer: This is a red blood cell (erythrocyte). It carries oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body.
4. Question: Identify the nerve cell seen under the microscope.
   Answer: This is a neuron. Neurons transmit nerve impulses and are fundamental units of the brain and nervous system.
5. Question: Identify the type of connective tissue in the slide.
   Answer: This is adipose tissue. It stores fat and provides insulation and protection to the body.

Types of Cells and Tissues

Cell/Tissue Type	Description	Function
Muscle Cell	Elongated cells capable of contraction	Movement
Epithelial Tissue	Cells forming linings of organs and structures	Protection, secretion, absorption
Red Blood Cell	Disk-shaped cells without a nucleus	Oxygen transport
Neuron	Cells with dendrites and axons	Transmitting nerve impulses
Adipose Tissue	Cells that store fat	Insulation, protection, energy storage

3. Dissection and Anatomical Study

Questions and Answers:

1. Question: Describe the steps to dissect a frog.
   Answer: To dissect a frog, first, place it on a dissection tray ventral side up. Pin the limbs. Make a midline incision from the throat to the abdomen. Open the skin and muscle layers to expose the internal organs.
2. Question: What are the major organs visible in a frog dissection?
   Answer: Major organs include the heart, lungs, liver, stomach, intestines, kidneys, and reproductive organs.
3. Question: Explain the process of dissecting a fish.
   Answer: Place the fish on the tray with the dorsal side up. Make an incision from the gills to the anal fin along the midline. Open the cavity to expose internal organs like the liver, heart, and intestines.
4. Question: What are the key anatomical features of a bird’s wing?
   Answer: A bird’s wing consists of bones like the humerus, radius, and ulna, covered with feathers. It includes muscles for movement and air sacs for respiration.
5. Question: Describe the process of dissecting a mammalian heart.
   Answer: Place the heart on the tray. Make an incision to open the right atrium and ventricle, then the left atrium and ventricle. Observe the chambers, valves, and major blood vessels.

Dissection Steps for Various Specimens

Specimen	Dissection Steps
Frog	Incise from throat to abdomen, open skin and muscles, expose internal organs
Fish	Incise from gills to anal fin, open cavity, expose internal organs
Bird Wing	Observe bones (humerus, radius, ulna), muscles, feathers, and air sacs
Mammalian Heart	Incise to open atria and ventricles, observe chambers, valves, and blood vessels

4. Ecological Studies

Questions and Answers:

1. Question: What is an ecosystem?
   Answer: An ecosystem is a community of living organisms interacting with each other and their non-living environment.
2. Question: Describe the food chain in a pond ecosystem.
   Answer: In a pond, the food chain starts with algae (producers), followed by small insects (primary consumers), fish (secondary consumers), and birds (tertiary consumers).
3. Question: Explain the concept of ecological niches.
   Answer: An ecological niche is the role and position a species has in its environment, including its habitat, resource use, and interactions with other organisms.
4. Question: What is the significance of biodiversity in an ecosystem?
   Answer: Biodiversity ensures ecosystem stability, resilience, and provides resources for survival such as food, medicine, and raw materials.
5. Question: Describe the impact of pollution on aquatic ecosystems.
   Answer: Pollution can lead to decreased oxygen levels, harming aquatic life, and causing algal blooms, which further degrade water quality.

Components of an Ecosystem

Component	Description
Producers	Organisms that produce their own food (e.g., plants, algae)
Consumers	Organisms that consume other organisms (e.g., herbivores, carnivores)
Decomposers	Organisms that break down dead material (e.g., bacteria, fungi)
Abiotic Factors	Non-living components (e.g., sunlight, water, soil, air)
Biotic Factors	Living components (e.g., plants, animals, microorganisms)

5. Behavioral Studies

Questions and Answers:

1. Question: What is animal behavior?
   Answer: Animal behavior refers to the actions and reactions of animals in response to stimuli in their environment.
2. Question: Explain the concept of innate behavior.
   Answer: Innate behavior is genetically programmed and performed correctly without prior experience, such as reflexes.
3. Question: What is learned behavior in animals?
   Answer: Learned behavior is acquired through experience and practice, such as birds learning to sing specific songs.
4. Question: Describe the role of pheromones in animal communication.
   Answer: Pheromones are chemical signals released by animals to communicate with others of the same species, influencing behavior and physiology.
5. Question: How do animals use mimicry as a survival strategy?
   Answer: Mimicry involves one species evolving to resemble another, providing protection from predators by deception.

Types of Animal Behavior

Behavior Type	Description
Innate Behavior	Genetically programmed, no prior experience needed
Learned Behavior	Acquired through experience and practice
Communication	Using signals (visual, chemical, auditory) to interact
Social Behavior	Interactions within a group (e.g., cooperation, dominance)
Foraging	Searching for and exploiting food resources

6. Biochemical Experiments

Questions and Answers:

1. Question: Describe the process of testing for glucose in a solution.
   Answer: Use Benedict’s reagent. Add it to the solution and heat it. A color change from blue to orange/red indicates the presence of glucose.
2. Question: How do you test for proteins in a sample?
   Answer: Use the Biuret test. Add Biuret reagent to the sample. A violet color indicates the presence of proteins.
3. Question: Explain the test for lipids.
   Answer: Use the Sudan III stain. Mix it with the sample. Lipids will stain red, indicating their presence.
4. Question: How is starch tested in a sample?
   Answer: Use iodine solution. Add it to the sample. A blue-black color indicates the presence of starch.
5. Question: Describe the method to test for nucleic acids.
   Answer: Use the Diphenylamine test. Add the reagent to the sample and heat it. A blue color indicates the presence of nucleic acids.

Biochemical Tests

Test	Reagent	Positive Result
Glucose Test	Benedict’s reagent	Orange/red color
Protein Test	Biuret reagent	Violet color
Lipid Test	Sudan III stain	Red color
Starch Test	Iodine solution	Blue-black color
Nucleic Acid Test	Diphenylamine reagent	Blue color

Mathematical and Science Formulas

1. Area of a Circle: Area = pi * radius * radius
2. Volume of a Sphere: Volume = 4/3 * pi * radius^3
3. Density: Density = mass / volume
4. Speed: Speed = distance / time
5. Force: Force = mass * acceleration
6. Photosynthesis Equation: Carbon dioxide + water + light energy = glucose + oxygen
7. Cellular Respiration Equation: Glucose + oxygen = carbon dioxide + water + energy
8. pH Calculation: pH = -log[H+]
9. Genetic Probability: Probability = number of favorable outcomes / total number of outcomes
10. Mendel’s First Law: Law of Segregation – Allele pairs separate during gamete formation and randomly unite at fertilization.