Science sample paper class 10 2024 with answers to guide you

Science sample paper class 10 2024 with solutions to help students practice and prepare for exams in simple and clear terms.

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Preparing for exams can feel a bit overwhelming, especially when you have many subjects to cover. The science sample paper for class 10, 2024, is a great way to practice. It will help you get familiar with the types of questions that might come up in your exam. By going through sample papers, you can learn how to manage your time, understand the important topics, and boost your confidence. This guide will provide you with a variety of questions and answers, covering all the important sections of the science syllabus, so you can prepare well and score better.

Questions and AnswerQuestion 1What is the law of conservation of massAnswer
The law of conservation of mass states that mass can neither be created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction. It only changes from one form to anotherQuestion 2
Define an acid and give an example.

Answer
An acid is a substance that releases hydrogen ions when dissolved in water. An example of an acid is hydrochloric acid (HCl).

Question 3
What is the difference between a conductor and an insulator?

Answer
A conductor is a material that allows electricity to flow through it easily, such as copper. An insulator is a material that does not allow electricity to pass through it, such as rubber.

Question 4
What is the unit of force?

Answer
The unit of force is the newton (N), named after Sir Isaac Newton.

Question 5
Explain the process of photosynthesis.

Answer
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants use sunlight to make their food. They convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen, using chlorophyll.

Question 6
What is the difference between speed and velocity?

Answer
Speed is the distance covered per unit of time, whereas velocity is speed in a given direction.

Question 7
What is the main function of the heart?

Answer
The main function of the heart is to pump blood throughout the body, supplying oxygen and nutrients to the organs and tissues.

Question 8
What is the significance of the pH scale?

Answer
The pH scale measures how acidic or basic a substance is. It ranges from 0 to 14, with 7 being neutral.

Question 9
Describe the structure of an atom.

Answer
An atom consists of a nucleus containing protons and neutrons, with electrons revolving around the nucleus in energy levels.

Question 10
What is the formula of water?

Answer
The formula of water is H2O, meaning it consists of two hydrogen atoms bonded to one oxygen atom.

Question 11
What is the role of chlorophyll in plants?

Answer
Chlorophyll is the pigment that helps plants absorb sunlight for photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy.

Question 12
What is an ecosystem?

Answer
An ecosystem is a community of living organisms interacting with each other and their physical environment.

Question 13
Define the term “work” in physics.

Answer
Work is done when a force is applied to an object, causing it to move in the direction of the force. The formula is Work = Force × Distance.

Question 14
What is the difference between an exothermic and endothermic reaction?

Answer
An exothermic reaction releases heat energy, while an endothermic reaction absorbs heat energy from the surroundings.

Question 15
What is the importance of the ozone layer?

Answer
The ozone layer protects the Earth from harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the Sun, which can cause skin cancer and other health issues.

Question 16
What is the formula for calculating density?

Answer
Density is calculated using the formula Density = Mass/Volume. It is usually measured in grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm³).

Question 17
What is Newton’s second law of motion?

Answer
Newton’s second law states that the force acting on an object is equal to the mass of the object multiplied by its acceleration (F = ma).

Question 18
What are the three states of matter?

Answer
The three states of matter are solid, liquid, and gas. Each state has different properties based on the arrangement of particles.

Question 19
What is meant by electric current?

Answer
Electric current is the flow of electric charge, typically through a conductor like a wire, measured in amperes.

Question 20
What is the process of reproduction in plants?

Answer
Reproduction in plants occurs through sexual or asexual methods. In sexual reproduction, flowers produce seeds, while in asexual reproduction, new plants grow from parts like stems or roots.

Question 21
What is meant by refraction of light?

Answer
Refraction is the bending of light as it passes from one medium to another, such as from air to water, due to a change in speed.

Question 22
Explain the concept of gravitational force.

Answer
Gravitational force is the force of attraction between two masses. The Earth’s gravity pulls objects toward its center, causing them to fall.

Question 23
What is the chemical equation for respiration?

Answer
The chemical equation for respiration is:
C6H12O6 + O2 → CO2 + H2O + Energy (ATP).

Question 24
What are the different types of pollution?

Answer
The main types of pollution are air pollution, water pollution, land pollution, and noise pollution, all of which harm the environment and living beings.

Question 25
What is the role of the kidney in the human body?

Answer
The kidneys filter waste products from the blood, regulate fluid balance, and maintain electrolyte levels in the body.

Question 26
What is the formula for work-energy theorem?

Answer
The work-energy theorem states that the work done on an object is equal to the change in its kinetic energy, expressed as Work = ΔK.E.

Question 27
What is a chemical reaction?

Answer
A chemical reaction is a process in which substances interact to form new substances with different properties.

Question 28
Explain the term "conduction" in heat transfer.

Answer
Conduction is the transfer of heat through a material from the hot end to the cold end, without the movement of the material itself.

Question 29
What is the difference between compound and mixture?

Answer
A compound is made of two or more elements chemically combined, whereas a mixture is a combination of substances that are not chemically bonded.

Question 30
What is the importance of the digestive system in humans?

Answer
The digestive system breaks down food into nutrients, which are absorbed into the body to provide energy and support growth.

Question 31
What are the main components of blood?

Answer
Blood consists of plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Each component has a specific role in the body.

Question 32
What are renewable and non-renewable resources?

Answer
Renewable resources are those that can be replenished naturally, such as sunlight and wind, while non-renewable resources are finite, like coal and oil.

Question 33
What is the function of the respiratory system in humans?

Answer
The respiratory system allows the body to take in oxygen and expel carbon dioxide, which is essential for cellular respiration.

Question 34
What is the difference between a solute and a solvent?

Answer
The solute is the substance that is dissolved in a solution, while the solvent is the substance that does the dissolving, like water.

Question 35
What is the process of distillation?

Answer
Distillation is a method of separating mixtures based on differences in boiling points, often used to purify liquids.

Question 36
What is an electric circuit?

Answer
An electric circuit is a closed loop through which electric current flows, typically containing a power source, wires, and devices like light bulbs.

Question 37
What are balanced and unbalanced forces?

Answer
Balanced forces do not cause a change in an object’s motion, while unbalanced forces cause an object to move or change its motion.

Question 38
What is an alloy?

Answer
An alloy is a mixture of two or more metals, or a metal and another element, designed to have properties different from the individual components.

Question 39
What is the function of the human skeleton?

Answer
The human skeleton provides support, protects internal organs, and allows movement by working with muscles.

Question 40
What are the properties of metals?

Answer
Metals are usually shiny, conduct heat and electricity, and are malleable and ductile.

Question 41
What is the use of the atomic number?

Answer
The atomic number represents the number of protons in an atom’s nucleus and determines the element’s identity.

Question 42
Explain the term "sublimation."

Answer
Sublimation is the process in which a solid changes directly into a gas without becoming liquid, like dry ice.

Question 43
What are the different methods of heat transfer?

Answer
The three methods of heat transfer are conduction, convection, and radiation.

Question 44
What is the difference between a plant cell and an animal cell?

Answer
Plant cells have a cell wall and chloroplasts, which are absent in animal cells. Both have a nucleus, cytoplasm, and cell membrane.

Question 45
What is meant by the term "electric potential"?

Answer
Electric potential is the amount of electric potential energy per unit charge at a point in an electric field.

Question 46
What is a galaxy?

Answer
A galaxy is a large system of stars, gas, dust, and dark matter bound together by gravity.

Question 47
What is a lunar eclipse?

Answer
A lunar eclipse occurs when the Earth comes between the Sun and the Moon, casting a shadow on the Moon.

Question 48
What is the difference between homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures?

Answer
A homogeneous mixture has a uniform composition throughout, while a heterogeneous mixture has different components that are not uniformly distributed.

Question 49
What is the purpose of the muscular system in the human body?

Answer
The muscular system allows for movement, posture, and the operation of internal organs like the heart and stomach.

Question 50
What is the significance of chemical bonds?

Answer
Chemical bonds hold atoms together to form molecules, which are the building blocks of matter.

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