10 years question paper of gnm 1st year pdf

This article provides a comprehensive collection of questions and answers from the last 10 years for the GNM 1st-year exams. It covers various subjects, providing detailed questions that help students prepare for their exams effectively. Each question is followed by a simple and clear answer to aid understanding.

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General Nursing and Midwifery (GNM) 1st Year Question Paper:

Question Paper Overview:

GNM 1st Year is the foundational phase of the General Nursing and Midwifery course. This year, students focus on subjects that lay the groundwork for nursing practice. For better preparation, students can refer to previous years’ question papers. Below are the most frequently asked questions across various subjects, with answers.

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Subject 1: Anatomy and Physiology

Question: What is the structure and function of the cell?
Answer: The cell consists of the cell membrane, cytoplasm, and nucleus. Its primary function is to carry out metabolic activities and divide to form new cells for growth and repair.

Question: Explain the different types of tissues in the human body.
Answer: The four main types of tissues are epithelial, connective, muscular, and nervous tissues. They have different roles such as protection, support, movement, and communication within the body.

Question: Describe the function of the circulatory system.
Answer: The circulatory system transports oxygen, nutrients, and waste products throughout the body via the heart, blood vessels, and blood.

Question: What are the main functions of the skeletal system?
Answer: The skeletal system supports the body, protects vital organs, enables movement, stores minerals, and produces blood cells in the bone marrow.

Question: What are the components of the digestive system?
Answer: The digestive system includes the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, and anus. It processes food to absorb nutrients and eliminate waste.

Question: Define homeostasis and explain its importance.
Answer: Homeostasis is the body’s ability to maintain a stable internal environment despite changes in external conditions. It is crucial for optimal cell function and overall health.

Question: What is the function of the lymphatic system?
Answer: The lymphatic system aids in immune function and the removal of waste and excess fluids from tissues. It includes lymph nodes, lymph vessels, and the spleen.

Question: What are the functions of the respiratory system?
Answer: The respiratory system facilitates gas exchange by bringing in oxygen and removing carbon dioxide through the lungs and airways.

Question: Discuss the types of muscles found in the human body.
Answer: The three types of muscles are skeletal muscles, which are voluntary and control movement; smooth muscles, which are involuntary and control internal organs; and cardiac muscles, which make up the heart and are involuntary.

Question: What is the role of the nervous system?
Answer: The nervous system controls and coordinates body activities by transmitting signals between the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral organs and tissues.

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Subject 2: Medical-Surgical Nursing

Question: What is the importance of preoperative care?
Answer: Preoperative care ensures that the patient is physically and psychologically prepared for surgery, reducing the risk of complications and promoting faster recovery.

Question: Explain the concept of aseptic technique.
Answer: Aseptic technique involves procedures to prevent infection by keeping the environment and equipment free from harmful microorganisms during medical procedures.

Question: Define shock and list its types.
Answer: Shock is a critical condition where the circulatory system fails to supply enough blood to vital organs. Types include hypovolemic, cardiogenic, septic, and anaphylactic shock.

Question: What are the signs and symptoms of pneumonia?
Answer: Symptoms include fever, cough, difficulty breathing, chest pain, and fatigue. Pneumonia is an infection that affects the lungs, impairing oxygen exchange.

Question: Describe the nursing care for a patient with diabetes mellitus.
Answer: Nursing care includes monitoring blood sugar levels, administering insulin, educating the patient on diet and exercise, and managing complications such as diabetic ketoacidosis.

Question: What is the role of a nurse in managing hypertension?
Answer: Nurses monitor blood pressure, educate patients on lifestyle changes, assist with medication management, and provide support to prevent complications such as stroke.

Question: What are the complications of a myocardial infarction?
Answer: Complications include arrhythmias, heart failure, cardiogenic shock, and death. Immediate medical attention is critical to reduce risks.

Question: Explain the nursing interventions for a patient with a burn injury.
Answer: Interventions include wound care, pain management, monitoring for signs of infection, fluid resuscitation, and emotional support for the patient.

Question: Discuss the symptoms of congestive heart failure.
Answer: Symptoms include shortness of breath, fatigue, swelling in the legs and ankles, and fluid retention due to the heart’s inability to pump blood efficiently.

Question: What is the importance of post-operative care?
Answer: Post-operative care focuses on monitoring for complications such as infection, ensuring pain management, supporting wound healing, and encouraging early mobilization to prevent complications like deep vein thrombosis.

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Subject 3: Nursing Foundation

Question: What are the basic principles of nursing care?
Answer: Basic principles include empathy, effective communication, patient-centered care, maintaining hygiene, and following ethical guidelines to provide safe and effective care.

Question: Define nursing process and explain its steps.
Answer: The nursing process is a systematic approach to patient care, including assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation.

Question: What are the roles and responsibilities of a nurse?
Answer: Nurses provide direct patient care, administer medications, assist in procedures, educate patients and families, and collaborate with the healthcare team for comprehensive care.

Question: Explain the importance of communication in nursing.
Answer: Effective communication enhances patient care, builds trust, and ensures accurate information exchange among the healthcare team, patients, and their families.

Question: Discuss the different types of nursing care settings.
Answer: Nursing care settings include hospitals, clinics, home healthcare, long-term care facilities, and community health settings, each providing specialized care based on patient needs.

Question: What is the significance of patient privacy and confidentiality in nursing?
Answer: Ensuring patient privacy and confidentiality is essential for building trust, respecting patients’ rights, and complying with healthcare regulations like HIPAA.

Question: Describe the concept of holistic care in nursing.
Answer: Holistic care addresses the physical, emotional, social, and spiritual needs of patients, promoting overall well-being and considering the patient as a whole person.

Question: What are the types of healthcare teams, and how do they function?
Answer: Healthcare teams can be multidisciplinary or interdisciplinary, working collaboratively to provide comprehensive care to patients through shared expertise and decision-making.

Question: What is infection control, and why is it important in nursing?
Answer: Infection control involves preventing the spread of infectious diseases in healthcare settings through proper hygiene, sterilization, and isolation procedures.

Question: What are the ethical principles guiding nursing practice?
Answer: Ethical principles include autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice, ensuring that nursing practice respects patients’ rights and promotes their well-being.

This collection of questions and answers serves as an essential guide for GNM 1st-year students. By understanding the fundamental subjects such as anatomy and physiology, medical-surgical nursing, and nursing foundations, students can build a solid foundation for their nursing careers. Regular practice with past question papers helps reinforce knowledge and prepares students for the challenges of the exam.