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9th science half yearly question paper 2019

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The half-yearly question paper for 9th science in 2019 included various important topics, ensuring comprehensive coverage of the syllabus. Students needed to answer multiple-choice, short-answer, and long-answer questions. Preparing for such papers requires understanding the concepts and practicing questions to strengthen knowledge. Below are questions and answers from all sections of the paper for thorough preparation.

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Physics Section

Question: What is the SI unit of force?

Answer: The SI unit of force is the newton (N).

Question: State Newton’s first law of motion.

Answer: Newton’s first law of motion states that an object will remain at rest or in uniform motion in a straight line unless acted upon by an external force.

Question: Define velocity.

Answer: Velocity is the speed of an object in a specific direction.

Question: What is the formula for calculating work?

Answer: Work is calculated using the formula: Work = Force × Displacement × cos(θ).

Question: Explain the concept of acceleration.

Answer: Acceleration is the rate at which an object changes its velocity over time.

Question: What is inertia?

Answer: Inertia is the property of an object to resist changes in its state of motion or rest.

Question: State the law of conservation of energy.

Answer: Energy can neither be created nor destroyed; it can only change from one form to another.

Question: What is the unit of energy in the SI system?

Answer: The SI unit of energy is the joule (J).

Question: Define power.

Answer: Power is the rate at which work is done or energy is transferred.

Question: Write the formula for gravitational force.

Answer: Gravitational force is calculated as: F = G × (m1 × m2) / r².

Question: What is a simple machine?

Answer: A simple machine is a mechanical device that changes the direction or magnitude of a force.

Question: What is kinetic energy?

Answer: Kinetic energy is the energy possessed by an object due to its motion.

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Question: Define potential energy.

Answer: Potential energy is the energy possessed by an object due to its position or configuration.

Question: What is the speed of light in a vacuum?

Answer: The speed of light in a vacuum is approximately 3 × 10⁸ m/s.

Question: What is friction?

Answer: Friction is a force that opposes the relative motion between two surfaces in contact.

Question: How is pressure defined?

Answer: Pressure is defined as force applied per unit area.

Question: State the principle of moments.

Answer: The principle of moments states that for an object in equilibrium, the sum of clockwise moments equals the sum of anticlockwise moments.

Question: What is a scalar quantity?

Answer: A scalar quantity is one that has only magnitude and no direction.

Question: What is a vector quantity?

Answer: A vector quantity has both magnitude and direction.

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Question: What is the formula for calculating density?

Answer: Density is calculated as: Density = Mass / Volume.


Chemistry Section

Question: What is the atomic number of oxygen?

Answer: The atomic number of oxygen is 8.

Question: Define isotopes.

Answer: Isotopes are atoms of the same element with the same atomic number but different mass numbers.

Question: What is the chemical formula for water?

Answer: The chemical formula for water is H₂O.

Question: Name the process of separating a mixture using evaporation.

Answer: The process is called evaporation or vaporization.

Question: What is the pH scale?

Answer: The pH scale measures the acidity or basicity of a solution.

Question: What is the molar mass of carbon dioxide (CO₂)?

Answer: The molar mass of CO₂ is 44 g/mol.

Question: Define a chemical reaction.

Answer: A chemical reaction is a process in which substances interact to form new substances with different properties.

Question: What is the valency of hydrogen?

Answer: The valency of hydrogen is 1.

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Question: What is an acid?

Answer: An acid is a substance that donates hydrogen ions (H⁺) in a solution.

Question: What is a base?

Answer: A base is a substance that accepts hydrogen ions (H⁺) or donates hydroxide ions (OH⁻).

Question: What is a salt?

Answer: A salt is a compound formed from the reaction of an acid and a base.

Question: What is an exothermic reaction?

Answer: An exothermic reaction is one that releases heat to the surroundings.

Question: What is an endothermic reaction?

Answer: An endothermic reaction absorbs heat from the surroundings.

Question: Define an element.

Answer: An element is a pure substance made of only one type of atom.

Question: Define a compound.

Answer: A compound is a substance formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements in fixed proportions.

Question: What is electrolysis?

Answer: Electrolysis is the process of breaking down a compound into its elements using electricity.

Question: Name a method to purify water.

Answer: Water can be purified by distillation.

Question: What is oxidation?

Answer: Oxidation is the process of losing electrons or gaining oxygen in a chemical reaction.

Question: What is reduction?

Answer: Reduction is the process of gaining electrons or losing oxygen in a chemical reaction.


Biology Section

Question: What is photosynthesis?

Answer: Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to produce glucose and oxygen.

Question: What is the basic unit of life?

Answer: The basic unit of life is the cell.

Question: Define osmosis.

Answer: Osmosis is the movement of water molecules from a region of lower solute concentration to a region of higher solute concentration through a semi-permeable membrane.

Question: What is a tissue?

Answer: A tissue is a group of cells that perform a similar function.

Question: Name the powerhouse of the cell.

Answer: The powerhouse of the cell is the mitochondrion.

Question: What is the function of chloroplasts?

Answer: Chloroplasts are responsible for photosynthesis in plant cells.

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Question: What is the role of hemoglobin in the body?

Answer: Hemoglobin transports oxygen from the lungs to the tissues and carries carbon dioxide back to the lungs.

Question: Define transpiration.

Answer: Transpiration is the process of water loss from plants through small openings called stomata.

Question: What is a vertebrate?

Answer: A vertebrate is an animal with a backbone or spinal column.

Question: What is an invertebrate?

Answer: An invertebrate is an animal without a backbone.

Question: Name the largest organ in the human body.

Answer: The largest organ in the human body is the skin.

Question: What is a neuron?

Answer: A neuron is a nerve cell that transmits electrical signals in the body.

Question: Define an ecosystem.

Answer: An ecosystem is a community of living organisms interacting with their physical environment.

Question: What is biodiversity?

Answer: Biodiversity refers to the variety of life forms within an ecosystem or on Earth.

Question: What is a food chain?

Answer: A food chain is a linear sequence showing the transfer of energy through various organisms by eating and being eaten.

Question: Define a food web.

Answer: A food web is a complex network of interconnected food chains in an ecosystem.

Question: What is a habitat?

Answer: A habitat is the natural environment where an organism lives and thrives.

Question: What is pollination?

Answer: Pollination is the transfer of pollen from the male part of a flower to the female part to enable fertilization.

Question: What is fertilization in biology?

Answer: Fertilization is the process where male and female gametes fuse to form a zygote.

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