Hindi Barakhadi, also known as Barakhadi (बारहखड़ी), is a foundational component in learning the Hindi language.
बारहखड़ी (Hindi Barakhadi) is a traditional Indian educational tool used to teach the Hindi alphabet along with its various vowel sounds. It combines the consonants (व्यंजन) with each of the vowels (स्वर). Here is the complete Barakhadi for the Hindi script:
स्वर (Vowels)
अ, आ, इ, ई, उ, ऊ, ऋ, ए, ऐ, ओ, औ, अं, अः
व्यंजन (Consonants) combined with vowels
अ | आ | इ | ई | उ | ऊ | ऋ | ए | ऐ | ओ | औ | अं | अः | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
क | क | का | कि | की | कु | कू | कृ | के | कै | को | कौ | कं | कः |
ख | ख | खा | खि | खी | खु | खू | कृ | खे | खै | खो | खौ | खं | खः |
ग | ग | गा | गि | गी | गु | गू | कृ | गे | गै | गो | गौ | गं | गः |
घ | घ | घा | घि | घी | घु | घू | कृ | घे | घै | घो | घौ | घं | घः |
ङ | ङ | ङा | ङि | ङी | ङु | ङू | कृ | ङे | ङै | ङो | ङौ | ङं | ङः |
च | च | चा | चि | ची | चु | चू | कृ | चे | चै | चो | चौ | चं | चः |
छ | छ | छा | छि | छी | छु | छू | कृ | छे | छै | छो | छौ | छं | छः |
ज | ज | जा | जि | जी | जु | जू | कृ | जे | जै | जो | जौ | जं | जः |
झ | झ | झा | झि | झी | झु | झू | कृ | झे | झै | झो | झौ | झं | झः |
ञ | ञ | ञा | ञि | ञी | ञु | ञू | कृ | ञे | ञै | ञो | ञौ | ञं | ञः |
ट | ट | टा | टि | टी | टु | टू | कृ | टे | टै | टो | टौ | टं | टः |
ठ | ठ | ठा | ठि | ठी | ठु | ठू | कृ | ठे | ठै | ठो | ठौ | ठं | ठः |
ड | ड | डा | डि | डी | डु | डू | कृ | डे | डै | डो | डौ | डं | डः |
ढ | ढ | ढा | ढि | ढी | ढु | ढू | कृ | ढे | ढै | ढो | ढौ | ढं | ढः |
ण | ण | णा | णि | णी | णु | णू | कृ | णे | णै | णो | णौ | णं | णः |
त | त | ता | ति | ती | तु | तू | कृ | ते | तै | तो | तौ | तं | तः |
थ | थ | था | थि | थी | थु | थू | कृ | थे | थै | थो | थौ | थं | थः |
द | द | दा | दि | दी | दु | दू | कृ | दे | दै | दो | दौ | दं | दः |
ध | ध | धा | धि | ध | धु | धू | कृ | धे | धै | धो | धौ | धं | धः |
न | न | ना | नि | नी | नु | नू | कृ | ने | नै | नो | नौ | नं | नः |
प | प | पा | पि | पी | पु | पू | कृ | पे | पै | पो | पौ | पं | पः |
फ | फ | फा | फि | फी | फु | फू | कृ | फे | फै | फो | फौ | फं | फः |
ब | ब | बा | बि | बी | बु | बू | कृ | बे | बै | बो | बौ | बं | बः |
भ | भ | भा | भि | भी | भु | भू | कृ | भे | भै | भो | भौ | भं | भः |
म | म | मा | मि | मी | मु | मू | कृ | मे | मै | मो | मौ | मं | मः |
य | य | या | यि | यी | यु | यू | कृ | ये | यै | यो | यौ | यं | यः |
र | र | रा | रि | री | रु | रू | कृ | रे | रै | रो | रौ | रं | रः |
ल | ल | ला | लि | ली | लु | लू | कृ | ले | लै | लो | लौ | लं | लः |
व | व | वा | वि | वी | वु | वू | कृ | वे | वै | वो | वौ | वं | वः |
श | श | शा | शि | शी | शु | शू | कृ | शे | शै | शो | शौ | शं | शः |
ष | ष | षा | षि | षी | षु | षू | कृ | षे | षै | षो | षौ | षं | षः |
स | स | सा | सि | सी | सु | सू | कृ | से | सै | सो | सौ | सं | सः |
ह | ह | हा | हि | ही | हु | हू | कृ | हे | है | हो | हौ | हं | हः |
क्ष | क्ष | क्षा | क्षि | क्षी | क्षु | क्षू | कृ | क्षे | क्षै | क्षो | क्षौ | क्षं | क्षः |
त्र | त्र | त्रा | त्रि | त्री | त्रु | त्रू | कृ | त्रे | त्रै | त्रो | त्रौ | त्रं | त्रः |
ज्ञ | ज्ञ | ज्ञा | ज्ञि | ज्ञी | ज्ञु | ज्ञू | कृ | ज्ञे | ज्ञै | ज्ञो | ज्ञौ | ज्ञं | ज्ञः |
This table captures all the consonants combined with each vowel sound, forming the complete Barakhadi in Hindi.
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Hindi Barakhadi Grouping Letters
In Hindi Barakhadi, letters are grouped based on their phonetic and structural properties. The two main groups are:
Vowels (स्वर): These are the independent sounds that can form syllables on their own. There are 13 vowels in Hindi:
- अ, आ, इ, ई, उ, ऊ, ऋ, ए, ऐ, ओ, औ, अं, अः
Consonants (व्यंजन): These are sounds that need vowels to form complete syllables. There are 33 consonants in Hindi, and they are further grouped based on their pronunciation:
- क, ख, ग, घ, ङ
- च, छ, ज, झ, ञ
- ट, ठ, ड, ढ, ण
- त, थ, द, ध, न
- प, फ, ब, भ, म
- य, र, ल, व
- श, ष, स, ह
- क्ष, त्र, ज्ञ
Hindi Barakhadi Counting the Consonants and Vowels
Vowels (स्वर): There are 13 vowels in Hindi. These are the building blocks for forming different sounds when combined with consonants.
Consonants (व्यंजन): There are 33 consonants in Hindi. Each consonant can be combined with each vowel to produce a different syllable, forming the Barakhadi.
Total unique syllables formed by combining each consonant with each vowel are 33 consonants * 13 vowels = 429 unique syllables.
Hindi Barakhadi Ordering Letters
In Barakhadi, letters follow a specific order that is crucial for proper learning and memorization. The ordering is based on traditional phonetic organization:
Vowels (स्वर):
- अ (a), आ (aa), इ (i), ई (ee), उ (u), ऊ (oo), ऋ (ri), ए (e), ऐ (ai), ओ (o), औ (au), अं (am), अः (ah)
Consonants (व्यंजन):
- क (ka), ख (kha), ग (ga), घ (gha), ङ (nga)
- च (cha), छ (chha), ज (ja), झ (jha), ञ (nya)
- ट (ta), ठ (tha), ड (da), ढ (dha), ण (na)
- त (ta), थ (tha), द (da), ध (dha), न (na)
- प (pa), फ (pha), ब (ba), भ (bha), म (ma)
- य (ya), र (ra), ल (la), व (va)
- श (sha), ष (sha), स (sa), ह (ha)
- क्ष (ksha), त्र (tra), ज्ञ (gya)
Each consonant is sequentially combined with each vowel, maintaining the order.
Hindi Barakhadi Simple Patterns
Barakhadi follows simple and consistent patterns in combining consonants and vowels. Here’s how the patterns typically work:
- Consonant + अ (a): The consonant alone represents this combination.
- क (ka), ख (kha), ग (ga), etc.
- Consonant + आ (aa): Add the “ा” diacritic to the consonant.
- का (kaa), खा (khaa), गा (gaa), etc.
- Consonant + इ (i): Add the “ि” diacritic before the consonant.
- कि (ki), खि (khi), गि (gi), etc.
- Consonant + ई (ee): Add the “ी” diacritic after the consonant.
- की (kee), खी (khee), गी (gee), etc.
- Consonant + उ (u): Add the “ु” diacritic below the consonant.
- कु (ku), खु (khu), गु (gu), etc.
- Consonant + ऊ (oo): Add the “ू” diacritic below the consonant.
- कू (koo), खू (khoo), गू (goo), etc.
- Consonant + ऋ (ri): Add the “ृ” diacritic below the consonant.
- कृ (kri), खृ (khri), गृ (gri), etc.
- Consonant + ए (e): Add the “े” diacritic above the consonant.
- के (ke), खे (khe), गे (ge), etc.
- Consonant + ऐ (ai): Add the “ै” diacritic above the consonant.
- कै (kai), खै (khai), गै (gai), etc.
- Consonant + ओ (o): Add the “ो” diacritic after the consonant.
- को (ko), खो (kho), गो (go), etc.
- Consonant + औ (au): Add the “ौ” diacritic after the consonant.
- कौ (kau), खौ (khau), गौ (gau), etc.
- Consonant + अं (am): Add the “ं” diacritic above the consonant.
- कं (kam), खं (kham), गं (gam), etc.
- Consonant + अः (ah): Add the “ः” diacritic above the consonant.
- कः (kah), खः (khah), गः (gah), etc.
These patterns create a systematic way to learn and remember the combinations, making Hindi Barakhadi a fundamental educational tool for beginners.
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